Optical attenuators are devices that reduce the optical power of a light beam by a fixed or variable amount. Key requirements include minimal effect on the beam profile, low wavelength and polarization dependence, and sufficient power handling capability. for achieving a suitable signal level for a data receiver in a telecom system. Different types of attenuators operate. We propose and demonstrate a polarization-insensitive silicon photonic variable optical attenuator. Based on analysis on the dispersion of the optical system of a MEMS-based VOA, we provide a method to reduce the WDL significantly with minor revision on. ABSTRACT In response to higher levels of traffic on optical communications networks, wave-length-division multiplexing or WDM--the mainstream system now in use--is developing in two directions: higher data rates and a larger number of channels. The erbium-doped amplifier (EDFA) is an indispensable.
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